Job description of the driver of a coal-fired boiler stoker. Boiler room driver (fireman) etc. Job description of the boiler room stoker
The main document that an employee must familiarize himself with before starting work in the company is that the boiler-house stoker drivers monitor the correct and reliable operation of the boilers, put them into operation, as well as control safety measures during their use. When applying for a job, special personal characteristics are taken into account, including keen eyesight, hearing, and a specialist must also be attentive, collected and disciplined.
This position is not suitable for a person suffering from cardiovascular diseases, with impaired motor functions, nervous system, or prone to allergic reactions. All this is taken into account when hiring a boiler-house stoker driver. Job description contains all other requirements put forward to the employee.
General Provisions
An employee hired for this position belongs to workers and can be hired or dismissed from it by order of the director of the organization and in agreement with the head structural unit where he works. A person applying for this job must complete a secondary education. Seniority criteria are not taken into account during the consideration of candidates.
An employee in his work should be guided by the charter of the organization, regulatory documents, including methodological materials regarding the operation of equipment, and the job description of the boiler-house stoker driver. In his absence, the substitute takes on not only responsibilities, but also full responsibility for the proper performance of the work. An employee may be absent from the workplace due to illness and a number of other reasons.
Knowledge
The worker must have certain knowledge, including he must have an idea of the structure of all the mechanisms and equipment that he encounters while performing his work. The job descriptions of solid fuel boiler stoker drivers imply that they must understand how to rationalize fuel consumption during the operation of boilers. The worker is obliged to understand the schemes of heating systems of various types.
He must know how to calculate the results of the operation of the devices and keep records of the heat output to the objects, at what point it is worth carrying out maintenance of the boilers, that is, removing ash and slag to maintain the normal and high-quality performance of the units.
Other knowledge
The job description of a boiler-house stoker driver assumes that he knows how to maintain and take care of the equipment, as well as how to eliminate the shortcomings that arise in the course of his work. Know all types of equipment entrusted to him, by what principle fuel is loaded into it, how and how to lubricate and cool boilers, how to maintain documentation regarding their operation.
Also, the employee is obliged to study (before starting to perform his duties) the device of control and measuring instruments. Moreover, the complexity of this equipment may vary depending on the category of the worker. He is also obliged to know all the regulatory rules of the organization, including fire protection, safety and labor protection.
Duties
The job description of a boiler-house stoker driver suggests that he must work on liquid, solid fuel, or gas. He is also obliged to carry out maintenance of equipment, including boilers equipped with railway cranes or steam escalators.
The employee must start, stop, adjust and monitor the operation of traction devices, stokers, pumps and other equipment entrusted to him. He must carry out maintenance of boiler-type heating network installations and crumpled steam stations, if any, at the enterprise where he works.
Functions
The job descriptions of the boiler-house driver-stokers of the 3rd category suggest that his duties include ensuring the maintenance of the uninterrupted operation of the devices. He must, using the heat transfer circuits, start, stop or switch units in the boiler room.
The employee's duties also include accounting for the amount of heat supplied to consumers. The worker removes slag and ash from steam and hot water boilers, as well as from municipal boiler houses and the blower of gas generators, using special mechanical devices for this.
The job description of a boiler-house stoker driver implies that he must immerse ash and slag in special trolleys or other mechanized devices designed for transportation, which are available in the organization, in order to transport them from the boiler room.
His responsibilities include monitoring and supervising that all equipment is working properly and efficiently. If the repair of the equipment entrusted to him is required, the worker is obliged to participate in its implementation, helping specialists from other divisions of the enterprise.
Rights
According to the fact that the job description of the stoker-driver of the coal boiler house takes into account, the worker has the right to social guarantees provided for by the legislation of the country. If he needs the assistance of his superiors for the proper performance of the duties assigned to him, then he has the right to demand it from the management. He also has the right to familiarize himself with any decisions of his superiors, if they relate directly to his activities.
If he noticed how to make the work of the organization more effective, then he has the right to propose methods for solving the problems encountered and ways to improve the organization's activities to higher-ranking officials. He has the right to request the documentation that he needs for work and can improve his qualifications, knowledge and skills, holding the position of a machinist at the enterprise.
A responsibility
Taking into account the data contained in the job descriptions of the boiler-house boiler driver of the 2nd category, the worker is responsible for the illiquid performance of his functions or complete ignorance of the work, and the punishments imposed on him should not go beyond those provided for by the legislation of the country.
He may also be held liable for causing material damage to the company in the course of performing his duties. He can be prosecuted for criminal, labor, administrative and other offenses committed in the course of performing his job duties.
Conclusion
The above is general information regarding the boiler room. ”Job descriptions may vary depending on the direction of the organization, its scale and individual preferences of the higher management regarding what services they want from employees.
The work itself does not require special knowledge or experience, but at the same time the employee must have certain personal qualities, without which, in fact, he will not be able to perform his functions. It is very important when hiring to make sure that the employee does not have any diseases that can interfere with his activities or worsen due to the working conditions in the right place.
The job description of the boiler-room stoker must be agreed with the higher management, and the worker must familiarize himself with it before starting to perform his duties.
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of up to 12.6 GJ / h (up to 3 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water or steam boilers with a boiler step capacity of up to 21 GJ / h (up to 5 Gcal / h) operating on solid fuel. Maintenance of boilers of steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 25 tons. Firing up, starting up, stopping the boilers and feeding them with water. Fuel crushing, loading and skimming the boiler furnace. Fuel combustion regulation. Monitoring of the water level in the boiler, the steam pressure and the temperature of the water supplied to the heating system using instrumentation. Starting, stopping pumps, motors, fans and other auxiliary mechanisms. Cleaning of fittings and devices of the boiler. Maintenance of heating network boilers or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of the main units, with a total heat load of up to 42 GJ / h (up to 10 Gcal / h). Cleaning of crumpled steam and deaeration of water. Maintaining the set pressure and temperature of water and steam. Participation in flushing, cleaning and repairing the boiler. Manual removal of slag and ash from furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and communal boilers and blowing gas generators, as well as from grates, furnaces, boilers and blowing steam locomotives. Layout of slag and ash dumps.
Must know: the principle of operation of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam-air ducts and methods of regulating their work; device for heating boilers, slag and ash bins; composition of heat-insulating masses and basic methods of heat-insulating boilers and steam pipelines; purpose and conditions for the use of simple and medium complexity control and measuring instruments; the device of mechanisms for the preparation of pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash and slag removal; device and operating modes of equipment for heating boiler plants or crumpled steam station; rules for cleaning the grates, furnaces and boilers of the smoke box of steam locomotives; permissible pressure and water level in the boiler of a steam locomotive when cleaning; the influence of atmospheric air on the state of the walls of the furnace and firebox; the procedure for refueling the furnace; basic properties of ash and slag; the order of movement along the tracks and roads of railway cranes; rules for planning slag and ash dumps.
§ 195. Boiler room driver (fireman) (3rd grade)
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 12.6 GJ / h up to 42 GJ / h (over 3 to 10 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of separate hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of over 21 to 84 GJ / h (over 5 to 20 Gcal / h) operating on solid fuel. Maintenance of boilers on steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of over 25 tons or boilers on steam excavators. Start, stop, regulation and monitoring of traction insulators, stokers, economizers, air heaters, superheaters and feed pumps. Maintenance of heating network boilers or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of the main units, with a total heat load of over 42 to 84 GJ / h (over 10 to 20 Gcal / h). Ensuring the uninterrupted operation of boiler room equipment. Start, stop and changeover of the serviced units in the heat transfer circuits. Accounting for heat supplied to consumers. Removal by a mechanized method of slag and ash from furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and blowing gas generators. Loading of ash and slag with the help of mechanisms into trolleys or wagons with their transportation to the specified place. Monitoring the correct operation of ash removal mechanisms, lifting and transport equipment, alarms, instruments, equipment and barriers. Slag and ash flushing with special devices. Participation of temporarily serviced equipment.
Must know: device used equipment and mechanisms; methods of rational combustion of fuel in boilers; diagrams of heat, steam and water pipelines and external heating networks; the procedure for recording the results of equipment operation and heat supplied to consumers; the importance of timely removal of slag and ash for the normal operation of boilers; rules for caring for the serviced equipment and ways to eliminate deficiencies in its operation; types of boilers served; rules and methods of loading and transporting ash and slag; systems - lubrication and cooling of serviced units and mechanisms; rules for keeping records of the operation of mechanisms and equipment for ash removal; device of simple and medium complexity of instrumentation.
§ 196. Boiler room driver (fireman) (4th grade)
Description of works... Servicing hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 42 to 84 GJ / h (over 10 to 20 Gcal) or servicing individual hot water and steam boilers in the boiler room with a boiler step capacity over 84 to 273 GJ / h (over 20 to 65 Gcal / h), operating on solid fuel. Monitoring of the water level in boilers, pressure and temperature of steam, water and waste gases using instrumentation. Regulation of the operation (load) of boilers in accordance with the steam consumption schedule. Fuel feed monitoring. Maintenance of heating network boilers or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of the main units with a total heat load of over 84 GJ / h (over 20 Gcal / h). Prevention and elimination of equipment malfunctions.
Must know: the device and rules for the maintenance of boilers, as well as various auxiliary mechanisms and fittings of boilers; basic information on heating technology, various fuel mixtures and the effect of fuel quality on the combustion process and heat output of boiler units; fuel preparation process; technical conditions for water quality and methods of its purification; causes of malfunctions in the operation of the boiler plant and measures for their prevention and elimination; device, purpose and conditions of use of complex instrumentation.
§ 197. Boiler room driver (fireman) (5th grade)
Description of works... Servicing hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 84 to 273 GJ / h (over 20 to 65 Gcal / h) or servicing individual hot water and steam boilers in a boiler room with a boiler heating capacity of over 273 to 546 GJ / h (over 65 to 130 Gcal / h) operating solid fuel. Changeover of supply lines Filling and emptying steam lines Switching on and off the automatic equipment for feeding the boilers. Preventive inspection of boilers, their auxiliary mechanisms, instrumentation and participation in scheduled preventive maintenance of boiler units. Acceptance of boilers and their auxiliary mechanisms from repair and preparation for work.
Must know: device and principle of operation of hot water and steam boilers of various systems; operational data of boiler equipment and mechanisms; the device of automatic control devices; the rules for maintaining the operating mode of the boiler room, depending on the readings of the instruments; schemes of pipeline networks and alarms in the boiler room; rules for setting and regulating instrumentation.
§ 198. Boiler room driver (fireman) (6th grade)
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers of various systems with a total heating capacity of over 273 GJ / h (over 65 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of over 546 GJ / h (over 130 Gcal / h), operating on solid fuel.
Must know: design features of complex instrumentation and automatic control devices; calorific value and physical properties fuel; elements of the fuel balance of boilers and its preparation; rules for determining the efficiency of a boiler plant.
Reading 23 min. Views 186 Updated 12.09.
Pension provision for drivers (stokers) of a coal-fired boiler house
In accordance with subparagraph 2 of paragraph 1 of Article 27 Federal law"On labor pensions in Russian Federation"Dated 17.12.2001. No. 173-FZ, an old-age labor pension is assigned to men upon reaching the age of 55 and to women upon reaching the age of 50, if they have worked in jobs with difficult working conditions for at least 12 years 6 months (men) and 10 years (women) and have insurance experience, respectively, at least 25 and 20 years.
In the event that these persons have worked at the listed jobs for at least half of the established period and have the required length of insurance experience, a labor pension is assigned to them with a decrease in age (for men - 60 years, for women - 55 years) by one year for every 2 years and 6 months of such work for men and for every 2 years of such work for women.
When establishing early pensions on this basis, List No. 2 of industries, jobs, professions, positions and indicators with harmful and difficult working conditions, approved by the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR of 01/26/1991, is applied. No. 10. Section XXXIII "General professions" of the specified List provides for the operators (stokers) of the boiler house (coal and oil shale), including those engaged in ash removal.
With regard to the period of work before January 1, 1992. List No. 2 of industries, workshops, professions and positions, work in which gives the right to a state pension on preferential terms and in preferential amounts, approved by the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 22, 1956, can be applied. N 1173.
Section XXXII "General professions" of this List provides for machinists (stokers) employed in the maintenance of industrial boiler houses and industrial furnaces.
When determining the right to preferential pension provision for boiler drivers (stokers), the following should be borne in mind. Boiler room driver (fireman) is the full name of the profession (ETKS; issue 1). In accordance with ETKS, the driver (stoker) of the boiler room serves hot water and steam boilers, both in the boiler room and separately located (including on steam railway taps), as well as heating network boiler installations or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of the main aggregates. All of these jobs are eligible for retirement benefits. A prerequisite for the appointment of a pension according to List No. 2 to the driver (fireman) of the boiler house is the maintenance of boilers operating on solid fuels (coal and oil shale).
This circumstance must be confirmed by documents in each specific case. Workers who are engaged in the maintenance of hot water and steam boilers (including in boiler rooms) operating on liquid and gaseous fuels or using electric heating are assigned the name of the profession "Boiler room operator", which is not provided for in Lists No. 1 and No. 2.
To determine the right to preferential pensions for the driver (stoker) of the boiler house, the heating capacity of hot water and steam boilers, which can be either less than 3 Gcal / h or more than 130 Gcal / h, does not matter, as well as the purpose for which steam and water are generated (for technological or household needs).
2.1. Before starting work, the driver (fireman) must put on the personal protective equipment appropriate to him according to the standards so that there are no hanging, fluttering ends.
2.2. Coming to work, the driver (fireman) must accept the boilers and boiler room equipment from the previous shift; personally inspect and check their serviceability (position of taps and valves, state of safety devices, etc.).
2.3. When inspecting the boiler, electric lighting with a voltage of no higher than 12 V must be used. It is prohibited to use kerosene or other lamps with flammable liquids, as well as torches.
2.4. The machinist (fireman) is obliged to record the reception of the shift in the logbook. During his duty, the driver (fireman) is responsible for the condition of the boiler room equipment and for the normal operation of the boilers.
2.5. The driver (fireman) should not allow unauthorized persons into the boiler room.
2.6. The boiler room should have a constant flow of air to maintain normal combustion and timely ventilation to avoid gas poisoning.
3.Safety requirements during operation
3.1. During the operation of the boilers, the doors of the boiler room, if there are people in it, must not be closed. The exit from the boiler room in winter must be cleared of snow and ice.
3.2. Boiler heating must be carried out only with the permission of the manager. educational institution.
3.3. If the boiler is fired up again, it is necessary:
- before closing the boiler manholes and hatches, make sure that there are no people or foreign objects inside the boiler and gas ducts;
Check the condition of the boiler lining, the presence and serviceability of fittings, instrumentation, make-up, feed and circulation pumps, as well as explosive valves of the furnace and gas ducts;
Check the presence of the required pressure in the supply water main by the pressure gauge, the serviceability of the make-up valve and check valve on the make-up line.
3.4. Repair of boiler room equipment and transportation of fuel may be allowed to an employee only if there are two or more drivers (stokers) in the shift.
3.5. Heating up a hot water boiler should be carried out with open valves between the boiler and the system, gradually with the circulation pump turned on, while observing the readings of control and measuring instruments (thermometers, manometers).
3.6. The driver (fireman) must not leave the boiler unattended if there is a fire in the furnace. Each time leaving the boiler room, the driver (fireman) is obliged to stop the blowing fans and smoke exhausters.
3.7. During the operation of a hot water boiler, the driver (fireman) is obliged to:
- constantly maintain the required water temperature in the heating system;
- monitor the filling of the system with water;
- check the operation of the safety valves at least 1 time per shift, observe the operation of circulation pumps, motors, fans;
- if any faults are found, try to restore the normal course of work in compliance with personal safety measures. If this is not possible, inform the person responsible for ensuring the safety of the boiler room.
3.8. During work, the driver (fireman) must comply with the following basic safety requirements:
- do not turn on electrical equipment in the absence of protective equipment (insulating supports, protective grounding, etc.);
- do not operate the boiler room equipment in the absence of guards for moving and rotating parts (belts, couplings, shafts, etc.)
- beware of burns when removing slag and coal from the furnace, when pouring hot slag and when throwing a flame out of the furnace;
- if the smoke from the boiler enters the boiler room, stop the boiler operation, ventilate the room and find out the reason for stopping the draft.
3.9. If it is necessary to stop the boiler as soon as possible after stopping the combustion of fuel (coal) in the furnace, remove the heat from the grate, leaving the gate and furnace doors open. Carefully pour the heat and ash removed from the firebox with water;
3.10. It is prohibited to carry out kindling with faulty measuring and safety devices;
3.11. Work on the internal cleaning of boilers and chimneys should be carried out only by two people, to help each other. The admission of people inside the boiler, furnace, chimneys, installation and removal of plugs, opening of valves must be carried out with the permission of the person responsible for the operation of the boiler room, with entry in the logbook.
3.12. Before opening the furnace door, stop blowing so that the flame is not thrown out of the furnace;
3.13. In the event of a power outage, immediately turn on the emergency lighting and turn off all motors.
3.14. The machinist (fireman) is obliged to immediately stop the boilers and notify the person responsible for the work in the boiler room in cases specially stipulated in the job description.
4. Safety requirements in emergency situations
4.1. In the event of an emergency in the boiler room or other emergency outside the boiler room, but in the immediate vicinity of it, the driver (fireman) is obliged to report it to the immediate supervisor or representative of the administration of the institution, in the event of a fire - to the fire department. The driver (fireman) himself must remain at his post and not leave the boiler room.
4.2. If the emergency situation is related to the boiler room, then after sending messages (see above), the personnel must take measures to extinguish the fire with the available fire extinguishing means, without stopping the supervision of the boilers.
4.3. For the most possible types of emergency situations in the boiler room, emergency plans should be developed and studied by the personnel in advance.
4.4. If it is impossible to quickly extinguish a fire and it threatens the boilers, it is necessary to stop the boilers in an emergency manner, while it is necessary to intensively water the boilers with water, drain the water from the hydraulic seal, while directing steam into the atmosphere, let water into the system of hot water boilers and take measures to extinguish the source of the fire.
4.5. The boiler room personnel must know the location of the property, fire extinguishing means in the boiler room and be able to use them.
4.6. The driver (fireman) must be able to provide first aid to victims in emergency situations; the type of assistance and methods of rendering depend on the nature of the damage to the victims.
4.8. In case of various types of injury, the victims are usually taken to medical institutions. The exception is cases of complete preservation of the normal functioning of the human body, without disability.
5. Safety requirements at the end of work
5.1. At the end of the shift, if the shift manager did not show up for work, the driver (fireman) must continue to work, notifying the immediate supervisor or a representative of the institution's administration about the absence of the shift manager.
2.When the shift is handed over, the driver (fireman) is obliged to inform the shift manager about all noticed faults while working in the boiler room. The change of the shift must be recorded in the logbook.
5.3. During the acceptance and delivery of the shift, both drivers (firemen) sign in the log, and the condition of the equipment should be specially noted.
5.4. After that, the driver (fireman) must take a shower with the obligatory use of neutral detergents.
5.5. Personal protective equipment should be processed and stored in a locker for special clothing.
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Boiler room driver (fireman)
§ 194. Boiler room driver (fireman) (2nd category)
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of up to 12.6 GJ / h (up to 3 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water or steam boilers with a boiler heating capacity of up to 21 GJ / h (up to 5 Gcal / h), operating on solid fuel. Maintenance of boilers of steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 25 tons. Firing up, starting up, stopping the boilers and feeding them with water. Fuel crushing, loading and skimming the boiler furnace. Fuel combustion regulation. Monitoring of the water level in the boiler, the steam pressure and the temperature of the water supplied to the heating system using instrumentation. Starting, stopping pumps, motors, fans and other auxiliary mechanisms. Boiler fittings and devices cleaning. Maintenance of heating network boilers or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of the main units, with a total heat load of up to 42 GJ / h (up to 10 Gcal / h). Cleaning of crumpled steam and deaeration of water. Maintaining the set pressure and temperature of water and steam. Participation in boiler flushing, cleaning and repair. Manual removal of slag and ash from furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and blowing gas generators, as well as from grates, furnaces, boilers and blowing steam locomotives. Layout of slag and ash dumps.
Must know: the principle of operation of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam-air ducts and methods of regulating their work; installation of furnaces for steam boilers, slag and ash bins; composition of heat-insulating masses and main methods of heat-insulating boilers and steam pipelines; purpose and conditions for the use of simple and medium-complexity instrumentation; arrangement of mechanisms for the preparation of pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash removal; device and modes of operation of equipment for heating network boiler installations or crumpled steam station; rules for cleaning grates, furnaces and boilers of the smoke box of steam locomotives; permissible pressure and water level in the boiler of the steam locomotive during cleaning; the influence of atmospheric air on the state of the walls of the furnace and the fire box; the procedure for refueling the furnace; basic properties of ash and slag; the order of movements on the tracks and roads of railway cranes; rules for leveling slag and ash dumps.
§ 195. Boiler room driver (fireman) (3rd category)
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 12.6 GJ / h up to 42 GJ / h (over 3 to 10 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of over 21 to 84 GJ / h (over 5 to 20 Gcal / h), operating on solid fuel. Maintenance of boilers on steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of over 25 tons or boilers of steam excavators. Start, stop, regulation and monitoring of traction and ash removal devices, stokers, economizers, air heaters, superheaters and feed pumps. Maintenance of heating network boilers or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of the main units, with a total heat load of over 42 to 84 GJ / h (over 10 to 20 Gcal / h). Ensuring the uninterrupted operation of boiler room equipment. Starting, stopping and switching of the serviced units in the heat transfer circuits. Accounting for heat supplied to consumers. Removal by a mechanized method of slag and ash from furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and blowing gas generators. Loading of ash and slag by means of mechanisms into trolleys or wagons with their transportation to a specified place. Monitoring the correct operation of ash removal mechanisms, lifting and transport equipment, alarms, instruments, apparatus and guarding devices. Slag and ash flushing with special devices. Participation in the repair of serviced equipment.
Must know: device used equipment and mechanisms; methods of rational combustion of fuel in boilers; diagrams of heat, steam and water pipelines and external heating networks; the procedure for recording the results of equipment operation and heat supplied to consumers; the importance of timely removal of slag and ash for the normal operation of boilers; rules for caring for the serviced equipment and ways to eliminate deficiencies in its operation; types of serviced boilers; rules and methods of loading and transporting ash and slag; systems - lubrication and cooling of serviced units and mechanisms; rules for keeping records of the operation of mechanisms and equipment for ash removal; device of simple and medium complexity control and measuring devices.
§ 196. Boiler room driver (fireman) (4th grade)
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 42 to 84 GJ / h (over 10 to 20 Gcal) or maintenance in a boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of over 84 to 273 GJ / h (over 20 to 65 Gcal / h) working on solid fuels. Monitoring of the water level in boilers, pressure and temperature of steam, water and waste gases using instrumentation. Regulation of the operation (load) of boilers in accordance with the steam consumption schedule. Fuel feed monitoring. Maintenance of heating network boilers or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of the main units with a total heat load of over 84 GJ / h (over 20 Gcal / h). Prevention and elimination of equipment malfunctions.
Must know: the device and rules for the maintenance of boilers, as well as various auxiliary mechanisms and fittings of boilers; basic information on heating technology, various fuel mixtures and the effect of fuel quality on the combustion process and heat output of boilers; fuel preparation process; technical conditions for water quality and methods of its purification; causes of malfunctions in the operation of the boiler plant and measures for their prevention and elimination; device, purpose and conditions of use of complex instrumentation.
§ 197. Boiler room driver (fireman) (5th grade)
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 84 to 273 GJ / h (over 20 to 65 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of over 273 to 546 GJ / h (over 65 to 130 Gcal / h) h) operating on solid fuel. Switching supply lines. Filling and emptying steam lines. Switching on and off the automatic equipment for feeding the boilers. Preventive inspection of boilers, their auxiliary mechanisms, instrumentation and participation in scheduled preventive maintenance of boiler units. Acceptance of boilers and their auxiliary mechanisms from repair and preparation for work.
Must know: device and principle of operation of hot water and steam boilers of various systems; operational data of boiler equipment and mechanisms; device of automatic control devices; rules for maintaining the operating mode of the boiler room, depending on the readings of the devices; diagrams of pipeline networks and alarms in the boiler room; rules for setting and regulating instrumentation.
§ 198. Boiler room driver (fireman) (6th grade)
Description of works... Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers of various systems with a total heating capacity of over 273 GJ / h (over 65 Gcal / h) or maintenance in a boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of over 546 GJ / h (over 130 Gcal / h), operating on solid fuel.
Must know: design features of complex instrumentation and automatic control devices; calorific value and physical properties of the fuel; elements of the fuel balance of boilers and its preparation; rules for determining the efficiency of a boiler plant.
To establish for workers engaged in heavy work, work with
harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, certain guarantees and
compensation, documentary evidence of the availability of workers
places where these workers are employed, corresponding indicators
harmful factors of the working environment, severity and tension
labor process... The most expedient way of such confirmation is
certification of workplaces for working conditions in the organization, topics
moreover, this is the direct responsibility of the employer, enshrined in
Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
In order to determine whether an employee is eligible for benefits,
the company must carry out certification of workplaces. Perhaps in your
the organization has carried out such certification and harmful and dangerous factors
correspond to the permissible values according to the expert opinion.
According to the LIST OF PRODUCTIONS, SHOPS, PROFESSIONS AND POSITIONS WITH
HARMFUL WORKING CONDITIONS, WORK IN WHICH GIVES THE RIGHT TO ADDITIONAL
VACATION AND SHORT WORKING DAY, approved. By the decree of the USSR State Labor Committee,
Presidium of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of 25.10.74 N 298 / P-22, the right to additional
vacation, as well as other rights (additional payments) for harmful working conditions have
workers of the following specialties:
XLIII. GENERAL PROFESSIONS OF ALL INDUSTRIES OF THE FOLK ECONOMY
92. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room, busy with the maintenance of steam and
hot water boilers operating on solid mineral and peat
fuel:
a) when loading manually 12
b) with mechanized loading 6
As you can see, the name of the profession should be strictly
correspond to the name of the specialty in the Unified
tariff and qualification reference book of jobs and professions of workers (ETKS)
Under what conditions are boiler plant operators employed
servicing hot water and steam boilers, enjoy the right to
early appointment of an old-age retirement pension?
O. Nikolaeva, Krasnoyarsk Territory
Considering the issue of early retirement benefits of these
workers, first of all it is necessary to correctly establish the name
their professions. In the Unified tariff and qualification reference book of works and
occupations of workers (ETKS), approved. by the decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor,
secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated January 31, 1985 No. 31 / 3-30 "On the approval of the" General
provisions of the Unified tariff and qualification reference book of works and
professions of workers of the national economy of the USSR ", section" Professions of workers,
common to all sectors of the national economy "Single
tariff and qualification reference book of work and professions of workers, release
1 "provides for the profession" boiler operator (fireman) ".
Under the current legislation, the right to early appointment
old-age labor pension in accordance with sect. XXXIII "General
professions "List No. 2 are used by the machinists (stokers) of the boiler house (on coal
and shale). The criterion for assessing the employment of the driver (stoker) of the boiler room at
jobs that give the right to early assignment of retirement pension
old age, is confirmation of the fact that the boiler house as a whole or
the equipment it serves is fueled by coal or oil shale. On practice
the establishment of this factor does not cause any particular difficulties.
At the same time, when determining the rights of machinists (stokers)
boiler house for early retirement benefits in accordance with List No.
2 other circumstances are also taken into account.
1. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room is the full name
profession (ETKS, issue 1), therefore, the opinion
that the right to a pension according to List No. 2 gives a worker of this profession
work in the boiler room. According to ETKS, the machinist (fireman)
boiler room serves hot water and steam boilers both in the boiler room and
separately located (including on steam railway cranes), and
also heating network boilers or crumpled steam stations,
located in the service area of the main units. All these works
give the driver (stoker) of the boiler room the right to early retirement
security.
2. A prerequisite for the early appointment of a labor
old-age pension according to List No. 2 the driver (fireman) of the boiler room is
maintenance of solid fuel boilers (coal and oil shale). This
the circumstance must be confirmed on a case-by-case basis
documents.
Workers, busy service hot water and steam boilers (incl.
h. in boiler rooms), operating on liquid and gaseous fuels or at
assistance of electric heating, the name of the profession "operator
boiler room ", which is not provided by Lists No. 1 and 2.
3. To determine eligibility for early retirement benefits
the driver (stoker) of the boiler room does not matter the heating capacity
hot water and steam boilers (which can be less than 3 Gcal / h,
and over 130 Gcal / h), as well as for what purposes steam is generated and
water (for technological or household needs).
4. The operation of the boiler room (boilers), as a rule, is seasonal
character. The time when the boiler room (boiler) does not work, and the drivers
(stokers) of the boiler room are engaged in repair work, are not counted in
experience in the relevant types of work.
5. Operators (stokers) of boiler houses, who, along with maintenance
hot water and steam boilers perform work to remove ash or
are only engaged in the removal of ash from furnaces and boiler bins, as well
enjoy the right to a prescheduled old-age retirement pension in
in accordance with List No. 2.
6. The word "stoker" in the name of the profession "machinist (stoker)
boiler room "specifies that this profession includes a stoker,
therefore if by work book the worker is listed as a boiler operator
or a boiler room fireman, then in the first and in the second case he will
be eligible for early retirement benefits.
7. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room acquires the right to early
assignment of an old-age labor pension in accordance with List No. 2
(sect. XXXIII) regardless of which premises heats
the boiler room serviced by him (this may be an industrial building,
school, childcare, residential, health care and
Industry typical instruction on labor protection
for the driver (stoker) of the boiler plant
solid fuel
in an educational institution
1. General safety requirements
1.1. Men who are at least 18 years old may be allowed to work independently as a driver (stoker) for servicing a boiler plant after passing a medical examination in the prescribed manner, passing an exam for a driver (stoker) of a solid fuel boiler plant and obtaining an appropriate certificate. This knowledge should be retested at least once a year.
1.2. Upon admission to work and during work, the following briefings should be carried out with each employee: induction, primary at the workplace, repeated at the workplace (at least 1 time in 6 months), and in case of production need and circumstances due to regulatory labor protection acts conduct unscheduled and targeted briefings.
1.3. During work, the following harmful and dangerous factors act on the driver (fireman):
Physical severity of labor;
Increased temperature, humidity and gas content in the boiler room;
Electrical hazard;
Fire hazard;
Explosion potential during operation of pressure vessels;
Monotony of labor
1.4. The following personal protective equipment must be issued to the driver (fireman):
Suit (jacket, trousers) made of heat-resistant non-insulating fabric;
Tarpaulin mittens;
Leather boots with a thickened sole;
Respirator;
Protective glasses;
Protective helmet made of heat-resistant, non-heat-conductive fabric;
Overalls and a helmet-mask with a hose of the required length in case of work in the firebox.
1.5. The machinist (fireman) must comply with the work and rest regime established in the educational institution, as well as the fire safety rules. When a boiler plant operates on solid fuel, there must be one foam fire extinguisher for every two furnaces in the boiler room. In addition - a box of sand, a shovel, a fire hydrant equipped with a fire hose (barrel). A designated smoking area must be designated and designated. The driver (fireman) must be familiar with the fire safety instructions in force in the institution.
1.6. The head of the educational institution is obliged to obtain permission to operate the boilers in accordance with the established procedure, timely eliminate all defects of the boiler and the pipeline system, annually check the instrumentation of the boiler room equipment at a specified time, and also provide the driver (stoker) with the tools necessary for work ( shovel, scoop, containers, flashlight with a glass bulb in case of a power outage).
1.7. A telephone or alarm system must be installed in the boiler room for communication with the head and a representative of the administration of the institution.
1.8. The machinist (fireman) must clearly know where in the boiler room there is a first-aid kit with medicines and dressings, be able to provide first aid to victims of various types of damage to the body (bruises, wounds, thermal burns, etc.) using techniques and methods given in the instructions for first aid, acting in the institution.
1.9. It is prohibited to instruct the boiler operator (fireman) to perform any work during watchkeeping that is not related to boiler maintenance.
1.10. In the event of an accident, the victim must be immediately provided with first aid in accordance with the instructions for first aid. The situation at the scene must be preserved unchanged in order to conduct an objective investigation of the accident, if this does not threaten the life and health of others and does not lead to an accident.
1.11. Knowledge and fulfillment of the requirements of this Instruction is the official duty of the driver (fireman), and failure to comply with them entails the types of liability established by the legislation of the Russian Federation (disciplinary, material, criminal).
2.
Safety requirements before starting work
2.1. Before starting work, the driver (fireman) must put on the personal protective equipment appropriate to him according to the standards so that there are no hanging, fluttering ends.
2.2. Coming to work, the driver (fireman) must accept the boilers and boiler room equipment from the previous shift; personally inspect and check their serviceability (position of taps and valves, state of safety devices, etc.).
2.3. When inspecting the boiler, electric lighting with a voltage of no higher than 12 V must be used. It is prohibited to use kerosene or other lamps with flammable liquids, as well as torches.
2.4. The machinist (fireman) is obliged to record the reception of the shift in the logbook. During his duty, the driver (fireman) is responsible for the condition of the boiler room equipment and for the normal operation of the boilers.
2.5. The driver (fireman) should not allow unauthorized persons into the boiler room.
2.6. The boiler room should have a constant flow of air to maintain normal combustion and timely ventilation to avoid gas poisoning.
3.
Safety requirements during work
3.1. During the operation of the boilers, the doors of the boiler room, if there are people in it, must not be closed. The exit from the boiler room in winter must be cleared of snow and ice.
3.2. Boiler heating should be carried out only with the permission of the head of the educational institution.
3.3. If the boiler is fired up again, it is necessary:
Before closing the boiler manholes and hatches, make sure that there are no people or foreign objects inside the boiler and gas ducts;
Check the condition of the boiler lining, the presence and serviceability of fittings, instrumentation, make-up, feed and circulation pumps, as well as explosive valves of the furnace and gas ducts;
Check the presence of the required pressure in the supply water main by the pressure gauge, the serviceability of the make-up valve and check valve on the make-up line.
3.4. Repair of boiler room equipment and transportation of fuel may be allowed to an employee only if there are two or more drivers (stokers) in the shift.
3.5. Heating up a hot water boiler should be carried out with open valves between the boiler and the system, gradually with the circulation pump turned on, while observing the readings of instrumentation (thermometers, manometers).
3.6. The driver (fireman) must not leave the boiler unattended if there is a fire in the furnace. Each time leaving the boiler room, the driver (fireman) is obliged to stop the blowing fans and smoke exhausters.
3.7. During the operation of a hot water boiler, the driver (fireman) is obliged to:
Constantly maintain the required water temperature in the heating system;
Monitor the filling of the system with water;
Check the operation of the safety valves at least 1 time per shift, observe the operation of circulation pumps, motors, fans;
If malfunctions are found, try to restore normal operation while observing personal safety measures. If this is not possible, inform the person responsible for ensuring the safety of the boiler room.
3.8. During work, the driver (fireman) must comply with the following basic safety requirements:
Do not turn on electrical equipment in the absence of protective equipment (insulating supports, protective grounding, etc.);
Do not operate boiler room equipment in the absence of guards for moving and rotating parts (belts, couplings, shafts, etc.)
Beware of burns when removing slag and coal from the furnace, when pouring hot slag and when throwing a flame out of the furnace;
If smoke from the boiler enters the boiler room, stop the boiler operation, ventilate the room and find out the reason for stopping the draft.
3.9. If it is necessary to stop the boiler as soon as possible after stopping the combustion of fuel (coal) in the furnace, remove the heat from the grate, leaving the gate and furnace doors open. Carefully pour the heat and ash removed from the firebox with water;
3.10. It is prohibited to carry out kindling with faulty measuring and safety devices;
3.11. Work on the internal cleaning of boilers and chimneys should be carried out only by two people, to help each other. The admission of people inside the boiler, furnace, chimneys, installation and removal of plugs, opening of valves should be carried out with the permission of the person responsible for the operation of the boiler room, with entry in the logbook.
3.12. Before opening the furnace door, stop blowing so that the flame is not thrown out of the furnace;
3.13. In the event of a power outage, immediately turn on the emergency lighting and turn off all motors.
3.14. The machinist (fireman) is obliged to immediately stop the boilers and notify the person responsible for the work in the boiler room in cases specially stipulated in the job description.
4.
Safety requirements in emergency situations
4.1. In the event of an emergency in the boiler room or other emergency outside the boiler room, but in the immediate vicinity of it, the driver (fireman) is obliged to report it to the immediate supervisor or representative of the administration of the institution, in the event of a fire - to the fire department. The driver (fireman) himself must remain at his post and not leave the boiler room.
4.2. If the emergency situation is related to the boiler room, then after sending messages (see above), the personnel must take measures to extinguish the fire with the available fire extinguishing means, without stopping the supervision of the boilers.
4.3. For the most possible types of emergency situations in the boiler room, emergency plans should be developed and studied by the personnel in advance.
4.4. If it is impossible to quickly extinguish a fire and it threatens the boilers, it is necessary to stop the boilers in an emergency manner, while it is necessary to intensively water the boilers with water, drain the water from the hydraulic seal, while directing steam into the atmosphere, let water into the system of hot water boilers and take measures to extinguish the source of the fire.
4.5. The boiler room personnel must know the location of the property, fire extinguishing means in the boiler room and be able to use them.
4.6. The driver (fireman) must be able to provide first aid to victims in emergency situations; the type of assistance and methods of rendering depend on the nature of the damage to the victims.
4.7 Sequence and rules for performing techniques medical care must comply with the instructions for first aid in the educational institution.
4.8. In case of various types of injury, the victims are usually taken to medical institutions. The exception is cases of complete preservation of the normal functioning of the human body, without disability.
5.
Safety requirements at the end of work
5.1. At the end of the shift, if the shift manager did not show up for work, the driver (fireman) must continue to work, notifying the immediate supervisor or a representative of the institution's administration about the absence of the shift manager.
5.2. When handing over the shift, the driver (fireman) is obliged to inform the shift driver about all noticed faults while working in the boiler room. The change of the shift must be recorded in the logbook.
5.3. During the acceptance and delivery of the shift, both drivers (firemen) sign in the log, and the condition of the equipment should be specially noted.
5.4. After that, the driver (fireman) must take a shower with the obligatory use of neutral detergents.
5.5. Personal protective equipment should be processed and stored in a locker for special clothing.
